The opium wars were a series of conflicts fought MAINLY between

lincoln presided over the union victory in the american civil war, which dominated his presidency. a former whig, lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the expansion of slavery in the territories. his election served as the immediate impetus for the outbreak of the american civil war.

china has confucianism thats everywhere in asia but it isn't really a religion.  

they lost control of territory in the middle east, but preserved turkey's political independence.