What advantages did Portugal have in discovering new lands and sailing routes?

The Portuguese had an unrivaled knowledge of sailing conditions in the Atlantic and halfway down the African coast. There had been developments in ship design, rigging, and seamanship that made it possible to contemplate long–distance trips in stormier seas than the Venetians encountered in the Mediterranean.

Explanation:

“the battle of stalingrad is not a turning point necessarily in strategic terms, because a lot more has to be done before the soviets can be certain of defeating germany,” says renowned world war ii historian richard overy. the germans had fought nearly a thousand miles across the soviet union to get to stalingrad.

where is the picture