What is the function of the phrase "hoping for a few scraps of food" in the first sentence?
Hoping for a few scraps of food, the tiny puppy scooted
closer to the table where the man was eating. She placed
her paws on the edge of the man's seat to signal that she
was hungry. The man gently eased the whining puppy
back onto the floor. "No begging," he scolded. Pushing his
plate away from the edge of the table, the puppy walked
away from the man.
It is a participial phrase that modifies "puppy."
It is an infinitive phrase that modifies "puppy."
* It is a participial phrase that modifies "man."
It is a gerund phrase that is the subject of the
sentence

It is a participial phrase that modifies “puppy.”

Explanation:

union blockade

explanation:

the union blockade in the american civil war was a naval strategy by the united states to prevent the confederacy from trading.

the blockade was proclaimed by president abraham lincoln in april 1861, and required the monitoring of 3,500 miles (5,600 km) of atlantic and gulf coastline, including 12 major ports, notably new orleans and mobile. those blockade runners fast enough to evade the union navy could only carry a small fraction of the supplies needed. they were operated largely by british citizens, making use of neutral ports such as havana, nassau and bermuda. the union commissioned around 500 ships, which destroyed or captured about 1,500 blockade runners over the course of the war.