What is the difference between Alexander's phalanx and the Spartan phalanx?

Alexander's phalanx-The Macedonian phalanx is an infantry formation developed by Philip II and used by his son Alexander the Great to conquer the Achaemenid Empire and defeat armies of other kingdoms.

Spartan phalanx-One of the most effective and enduring military formations in ancient warfare was that of the Greek phalanx. ... The phalanx formation was a close-rank, dense grouping of warriors armed with long spears and interlocking shields.

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wood carving remains today the primary sculptural art form of the sub saharan continent. african art history shows the earliest wooden sculptures from the 17th c are attributed to the kuba, central zaire but the earliest surviving sub-saharan sculpture is a zoomorphic head found in 1928 in central angola.

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in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".