The event that best defines the great schism between the east and west christian churches in europe in 1054 was the
a) mutual excommunication of the pope and the patriarch of constantinople.
b) repudiation by the emperor of the use of saints in the eastern church.
c) destruction of the library at constantinople.
d) massacre of the latins.

Here’s the first one let me send the next page of the passage

Which statement is true of both presidential and parliamentary systems of government?

Which fact from the tinker v. des moines court decision best supports the reasoning that the conduct of the student protesters was protected by the fourteenth amendment, which prohibits deprivation of life, liberty, or property? o a. the record shows that students in some of the schools wore buttons relating to national political campaigns, and some even wore the iron cross, traditionally a symbol of nazism. o b. on the other hand, the court has repeatedly emphasized the need for affirming the comprehensive authority of the states and of school officials, consistent with fundamental constitutional safeguards, to prescribe and control conduct in the schools. c. the action of the school authorities appears to have been based on an urgent wish to avoid the controversy which might result from the expression, even by the silent symbol of armbands, of opposition to this nation's part in the conflagration in vietnam. d. that they are educating the young for citizenship is reason for scrupulous protection of constitutional freedoms of the individual. if we are not to strangle the free mind at its source and teach youth to discount important principles of our government as mere platitudes.