Bill clinton escaped conviction and removal as president because

Polls indicated that a large majority of Americans believed the President had lied under oath, but not enough Senators thought his offenses rose to the level necessary for removal from office. While he was technically impeached, there were not enough votes in the Senate- despite a Republican majority- to convict him and possibly remove him from office.

a. competition with other nations.

i think it was because of how protected egyptian civilization was was which allowed them to evolve without much outside influence.