Read the excerpt from the fourteenth amendment of the united states constitution.

no state shall make or enforce any law which shall [take away] the privileges or immunities of citizens of the united states.

this fourteenth amendment clause is about

equal protection under the law.
the right of citizenship.
due process under the law.
states’ rights to enforce laws

A) equal protection under the law.

Explanation: the given excerpt from the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, we can see a clause about the fact that no state shall enforce any law against the rights and privileges of citizens of the United States. The statement that best expresses the theme of the given clause, is the corresponding to option A: "This Fourteenth Amendment clause is about equal protection under the law."

i think it was   tsar alexander ii