Whose abolitionist novel, published in 1852, "starts this big war"?

I believe the correct answer to your answer to your question would be Harriet Stowe. "Uncle Tom's Cabin", which was written by Stowe, was published in 1852. Other than being an abolitionist novel, it was also against slavery. It helped lay the groundwork of the Civil War.
 
Hope this helps!

The menswho were fighting it shows their point of view