The official ideology of a totalitarian government is based on
the expectation that some of its citizens will participate.
the discouragement of citizen dissent but acceptance of other ideas.
particular ideas and beliefs that shape the government.
many leaders enforcing the government’s ideology.

particular ideas and beliefs that shape the government

A totalitarian government is one run by a single political party or individual, where the actions of the people are strictly controlled. Ideology and propaganda are used to stir up absolute loyalty to the nation and its leadership. A totalitarian government is frequently run by a single, charismatic leader who rules with a narrow ideological outlook.

Political theorists distinguish between what are simply authoritarian forms of government and what are termed "totalitarian." An authoritarian ruler may not have any great charisma; he simply rules with full authority whether people like him or not. Also, an authoritarian government need not have any strong ideological commitment. It simply is asserting authority and expecting people to bow to the state's power.

In a totalitarian system, however, there generally is a unifying ideology and a powerfully charismatic leader that seeks to rally people's absolute allegiance both to himself and that ideology, which promotes the brand of nationalism that will provide continued support for his regime.

male citizens in athens could vote on all the decisions that affected the city and serve on juries. however, democracy was not open to everyone. citizen women and children were not allowed to vote. slaves and foreigners living in athens (known as metics) were banned from participating in government.