Which president had to retake the oath of office? ?

Barack Obama had to retake it two times. In 2008 he took it but the Chief Justice messed up so the next day they did it again. Then in 2012 he did a private swearing as it was on a Sunday then the next day he did it in public.

Explanation:

following type of cultural development caused people to want and buy new products on the market :

d) a week

because the land run of 1889, although not without precedent in the history of the west, further, their men were aboard the first trains, ready to jump off and begin staking their claims. oklahoma city, edmond, and guthrie were all so affected.