Who was first able to monopolize the spice trade and open trade with china?

1) this was the intellectual, philosophical, and artistic movement that began in italy in the 14th century.

Political rights for women grew most rapidly on the western frontier primarily because (1) the settlers were influenced by native american indian societies (2) women greatly outnumbered men in the west (3) pioneer life often required men and women to share responsibilities equally (4) immigrants settling in the west brought ideals of gender equality from europe

The 20th amendment, also called the lame duck amendment, decreased the amount of time between the presidential election and the inaugration of the new president. what are the advancements that allowed for this amendment?