Due to economic, social, and political interests, america's interactions with europe at the end of the 19th century were deeply imbedded in pre-war strategies. nonexistant. tied with monetary exchanges. hotly debated.

I believe the answer is: Nonexistent

Before the world war II, United states adopted a non-interventionist policies. Which mean that the country choose to distant itself from the business/matters of any other countries. In case there are any conflict occurring between foreign countries, non-interventionist country would choose to remain neutral and not pick any sides.

the catholic church withhold people's access to the bible during the middle ages.

people could go to church and listen to the teachings, but it was absolutely forbidden to own and/or read the books of both the old and new testaments. it was also prohibited to translate the books (which where originally in biblical hebrew) to any other language.

this was done so the church could remain in control of what their teachings were and to enhance their importance and power, while also being able to judge people's actions through information that was unavailable for the general public.

the answer would be:

b. race