Why did many former colonies in south east asia often experience difficulties when they achieved independence?

In many cases, colonies were developed or even formed for the benefit of some colonial power. The needs and views of the population were not fully considered. This made independence difficult. For example, many states, such as Indonesia, had extreme ethnic diversity, which can lead to conflict. The economies of some states were structured to benefit the colonial powers, causing economic hardships after independence. Economic and political challenges often created political instability, resulting in dictatorships, such as in the Philippines, or military rule, such as in Cambodia and Burma (Myanmar).

industrial revolution, in modern history, the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing