If an investment is considered “volatile”, it
a the investment will experience rapid growth over time.
b the value of the investment may be hard to predict.
c the investment is high-risk, and its price will increase quickly.
d the investment is undervalued and may increase over time.

by creating a labor shortage that pushed the continent toward a market economy

the answer here would be

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.

travels along an axon. this triggers a wave of electrical activity that passes from the cell body along the length of the axon to the synapse