The german forces in europe began had begun to retreat in the summer of 1944, but in december 1944 they launched an attack, known as the battle of that very nearly broke through the allied lines.

he believed that congress would be better not dealing with "lobbyists", or people who seek to influence (a politician or public official) on an issue, since historically, they had problems with these kinds of people. he thought lobbying produces benefits, but should be carefully monitored.

lend lease program was passed by congress on march 11, 1941. the president could ship weapons, food, or stuff to any country whose struggle against the axis assisted u.s. defense