Which reform measure could voters use to approve an amendment to their state constitution?
an initiative
an impeachment
a referendum
a direct election

The correct answer is: a referendum.

A referendum is a situation in which the voters are required to vote on a specific proposal, and with people's approval there can be the creation of a new law.  

A referendum can be classified by "mandatory referendums prescribed by law, voluntary referendums initiated by legislature or government, and referendums initiated by citizens."

Moscow dealt severely with the breakaway republic of Chechnya in the 1990s and 2000s because the country was being a part of Russia that lasted for over 500 years.

Further Explanations:

Chechnya or the Chechnya Republic was a federal focus of Russia, situated in the Northern Caucasus 100 KM of the “Caspian Sea” with Grozny as its capital. As per the 2010 census it was estimated that it holds a total population of about 1.2 million. After his dissolution from USSR in 1991, it was divided into two parts namely the Republic of Ingushetia and Republic of Chechen. Chechen sought for independence and fought the Chechen war with Russia and gained Independence.

Moscow being the capital of Russia and Chechnya was an important territory of Russia since 500 years till its independence. Moscow took it as illegal and wanted to protect its territorial integrity. The demise of the war was very brutal which took away around fifty thousand lives.  

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Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: US History

Chapter: Chechnya Republic

Keyword: Chechnya Republic, Chechnya, Northern Caucasus, Caspian Sea, Grozny, USSR, Republic of Ingushetia, Republic of Chechen, Moscow, territorial integrity, Russia, Chechnya