Which of the following best explains the importance of marbury v. madison? a. it created the supreme court for the purpose of balancing the powers of the executive and legislative branches of government. b. it restricted the power of the supreme court from becoming too large. c. it gave more power to the federal courts of appeals so that they can now hear many more types of cases. d. it established the precedent of judicial review, which balances the powers of the executive and legislative branches of government.

The correct answer is D. The importance of Marbury v. Madison is that it established the precedent of judicial review, which balances the powers of the executive and legislative branches of government.

Explanation:

In 1801 President Adams appointed Marshall as president of the Supreme Court along with other judges, including Marbury.

After his presidential term ended, he was succeeded by President Jefferson, who appointed Madison as Secretary of State.

Most of the judges appointed during the previous administration received the notification that they had access to their positions as judges. However, others, including Marbury, did not receive such notice and decided to request Madison to be notified of the appointment in order to be admitted to the position. As no response was received from Madison, Marbury asked the Court to issue a "mandamus" ordering Madison to comply with the notification, based on Section Thirteen of the Judiciary Act that granted the Supreme Court original jurisdiction to issue the "mandamus".

Marbury was entitled to the appointment he demanded, bearing in mind that it had been signed by the President and sealed by the Secretary of State during Adams' presidency. The refusal constituted a clear violation of that right.

The Constitution of the United States establishes in its Article III, the competence of the Supreme Court only by appeal, except in certain cases in which it is original, not finding the "mandamus" within these exceptions. Therefore, the petition of the plaintiff was rejected, since the Supreme Court did not have the competence to issue commandments in original jurisdiction.

This brought about a conflict between the Constitution and the Judiciary Act (of lower hierarchical rank). The Supreme Court resolved in its ruling to declare the unconstitutionality of the Judiciary Act, considering that it expanded its jurisdiction and contradicted the Constitution.

In this way the mechanism of judicial review was created, by which the Supreme Court has the power to check the constitutionality of the laws.

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