Khubilai discouraged the mongols in china from doing what? returning to mongolia harming chinese citizens marrying the chinese learning to read chinese

The correct option is "Learning to read Chinese"

Kublai Khan was the fifth and last great khan (1260-1294) of the Mongol Empire and the first Chinese emperor of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1294). The empire was separated, creating four khanates, each governed by a khan and supervised by the great khan. The Golden Horde ruled Russia; Ilkhanate ruled the Middle East, the Khanate of Chagatai ruled the center of Asia and the Great Khanate ruled Mongolia and the whole of China. The empire reached its maximum extension with the conquest of Kublai of the Song dynasty in 1279.

In 1271 Kublai officially created the Yuan Dynasty, and established the new capital at Dadu (present-day Beijing) the following year. To unify China, Kublai began a huge offensive against the last remnants of the Song dynasty in southern China, and ended his conquest of China in 1279. As emperor of China, Kublai worked to minimize the influences of the regional governors who had immense power before and during the Song dynasty. His distrust of the Han ethnic group caused him to appoint officers from other ethnic groups.

the expansion of the rule of empires over other territories took place as a result of several reasons including economic, ethnocentric, political, and religious, and exploratory purposes.

in terms of economic purposes: imperial governments aimed to maximize profits and with that purpose they neeeded cheap labor, access to or control of markets to sell or buy products. they also desired to find natural resources (precious metals and land). in the awake of   industrial revolution, dependent colonies provided the necessary raw materials that european factories and market needed to manufacture products.  

ethnocentric: many territories were conquered by imperial territories in an attempt to spread their cultures, values and belief as they considered them to be superior. in the late 19th century, for example, european powers held   the racist belief that inferior races should be conquered in order to “civilize” them.

political: another reason that drove conquer and expansion was patriotism and growing imperial power. it refers to national prestige, pride, and security. empires sought strategic territory to ensure access for their navies and armies around the world.

religious: the aim of converting new member of other religions was another factor that prompted expansion.   christian missionaries from europe established churches in conquered territories during the nineteenth century. thus, they spread western cultural values. furthermore, the imperial nation’s language was spread as well, through educational and religious interactions.

exploratory: imperial nations or their citizens aimed to explore territory that was unknown to them,   for different purposes including medical or scientific research, however, at the very   beginning, they did it to embark on adventure. furthermore, imperial explorers sought to discover, map, and claim territory before their imperial competition did, for national and personal glory as well as to realize the imperialist goal of expansion.

answer: secession

secession, as it applies to the outbreak of the american civil war, comprises the series of events that began on december 20, 1860, and extended through june 8 of the next year when eleven states in the lower and upper south severed their ties with the union. the first seven seceding states of the lower south set up a provisional government at montgomery, alabama. after hostilities began at fort sumter in charleston harbor on april 12, 1861, the border states of virginia, arkansas, tennessee, and north carolina joined the new government, which then moved its capital to richmond, virginia. the union was thus divided approximately on geographic lines. twenty-one northern and border states retained the style and title of the united states, while the eleven slave states adopted the nomenclature of the confederate states of america.

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