The economy of the gilded age was characterized by

The economy of the Gilded Age was characterized by rapid economic growth along with realization of new means and methods of manufacturing and selling goods.  

The Gilded Age in United States history marked an era that took place during the late 19th century, from the 1870s to about 1900.

The term ''Gilded Age'' was first used by author Mark Twain in order to refer to the corruption and problems that existed underneath the ''gilded'' and prosperous layer of late 19th century American society.

equal area projections

equal-area projection. a projection in which regions on the earth's surface that are of equal area are represented as equal.

the western roman empire flourished, but the eastern portion of the empire struggled.