The first truly organized effort to house mentally ill persons began in england in the 16th century and was called

Bethlem Hospital (Asylum)

Explanation:

Bethlem Hospital was the first truly organized effort to house mentally ill people. Although the hospital was first used for other purposes, it eventually became specialized in the care of mentally ill patients. The hospital was nicknamed "bedlam," and this word came to represent insanity and chaos. The hospital was well-known for its abuses and ill-treatment of patients. However, it has now evolved into a modern psychiatric facility.

answer; /// i believe that the correct answer is (b)///they gained vast amounts of

arresting and exicuting citizens