Why doesn’t luther believe in the pope or councils?

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

b - those executed came from every social and economic class

"they had a large area of land that they owned."

continental currency was denominated in dollars from $​1⁄6 to $80, including many odd denominations in between.