In the glorious revolution of 1688, parliament asserted its authority by offering leadership
a) a new king and queen
b) the judical branch
c) powerful generals
d) the clergy

I believe the answer is: A) A new king and queen

By doing this, the parliament has establish two different things. The first one is that their  body, which is consisted of the representation of the common, had the power to create new legislation. The second one is that no person is untouchables by law, even the King and Queen, which is why the nobles have to start to control their behaviour and abide to the law.

the space race was a battle to make advanced technology to get to the moon and to get a better understanding of space.

less available tax revenue

this basically means that when they get money from taxes wirth having a lower gdp they get less then what others have with a higher gdp