The Civil War was fought between the Union and the Confederacy from 1861 to 1865. Match each event from the first three years of the war with its most direct consequence.

1. Several slave-holding states secede and form the Confederacy

2. The outbreak of war leads to both sides raising armies

3. Formerly enslaved people started joining the Union army in large numbers

4. The Union gains control of the Mississippi river and pushes the confederate army out of Pennsylvania

confederacy: supported slavery, believed states should be able to nullify federal laws, supported low tariffs

union: everything else