(1) machines took over more and more of the
(2) labor
in the mid-1800s. Because of this,
(3) factories
were able to produce more goods.
Working conditions for (4)
became much
worse. They had to work longer hours. Many workers got
hurt on the job because they were tired. Also, the machines
had movina (5)
with no shields for
had moving (5
(6)
The factories were hot in the summer
and cold in the winter. Children had to work under the same
conditions because there were no (7)
to try
Workers began organizing into (8)
to get factory owners to make the working conditions better.
They thought that they would have more power in groups.
They held (9)
to put pressure on their
(10)
In the early 1800s, it was
11)
to strike. Finally, in 1842, the
government of Massachusetts gave workers the
(12)
to strike.
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Although slavery was mostly gone in the North, African
Americans did not have equal rights with whites. There was
racial (13)
and (14)
African Americans could not (15)
and they
had to attend their own (16)
schools.
However, there were some successful African American
businessmen. (17)
co-founded a newspaper,
and (18)
became the first licensed African
American lawyer.
Women also faced discrimination. They were paid less than
male employees and could not join unions. In 1845 Sarah G.
Bagley founded an organization for female laborers. They
(19)
for a 10-hour workday. Because they
were (20)
no one paid them any attention.