¿En qué lugares se originaron las ideas liberales y republicanas?

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

answer; taking up arms to defend the nation;

i dont know but i need points

george calvert wanted maryland to be a colony where could live safely. because georgia's founders wanted a colony of small farms rather than large plantations, they originally banned under british law in the 1700s, people who owed money could be