Role played by Nelson Mandela for Independence in South Africa​

He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation.

Explanation:

Nelson Mandela is considered by many to be the father of South Africa.  Mandela was an anti-Apartheid activist, which means that fought for those who were disadvantaged by the system of racial segregation.  Mandela became a civil rights leader, leading many against the Apartheid government.

Apartheid was a system of racial inequality which kept all races separate from one another. In 1994, Mandela was of key importance in negotiating the freedom and equality of all South Africans.  He then became South Africa’s first democratically elected president.

the name of the theory is landmass theory.

c. the passage of the fifteenth amendment