Artistic writing forms such as calligraphy flourished here.
Scholars worked together
here to study and
translate ancient texts.
The gathering place of
intellectuals, called the
"House of Wisdom,"
was here.
Baghda
Córdoba

the monroe doctrine is the best known u.s. policy toward the western hemisphere. buried in a routine annual message delivered to congress by president james monroe in december 1823, the doctrine warns european nations that the united states would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs.

john maynard keynes developed new economic theories in response to the : b) great depression of the 1930s. his theories are so important that they are known as "keynesianism". in his works he supports the idea of a government with deeper involvement and intervention to end the great depression.