During the period of physical detention and internment, there were a few significant legal challenges to the constitutionality of Executive Order No. 9066. Fred Korematsu was arrested for violating the Civilian Exclusion Order. He was found guilty and jailed; his legal case became Korematsu vs. United States. In December 1944 the United States Supreme Court handed down a majority decision upholding the validity of the evacuation order. In the Fred Korematsu case, the US Supreme Court ruled that the internment order

should be overturned because it had not been applied fairly.
violated individual rights and was unconstitutional.
was constitutional because national defense came first.
did not apply in this situation and should not be considered.

In the Fred Korematsu case, the US Supreme Court ruled that the internment order was constitutional because national defense came first.

Explanation:

The Japanese internment of 1942 was a direct result of the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japanese troops. The order was given by Executive Order 9066 that makes it compulsory to put every one of Japanese descent in a particular area, away from the common American people.

The case of Fred Korematsu against the United States was after this order where the former refused to comply with the evacuation. His stance was that the very Order is a direct violation of the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

In this case, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the US, stating that the internment was a necessity and was constitutional as it pertains to the security of the nation.

Thus, the correct answer is the third option.

c. extended rights of citizenship to new groups