Someone who references paragraphs 16 and 17 citing a comparison between the organizational structure of the occupying Indians with the ways in which Native American protestors organize in the twenty-first century would be:

Reasoning by Analogy

Explanation:

Given that an analogy is a form of considerations between two related issues, elements, or conditions for the purpose of getting clarification or drawing a conclusion.

Hence, in this case, when an individual or someone makes a comparison between the organizational structure of the occupying Indians with how Native American protestors organize in the twenty-first century, such a person would be REASONING BY ANALOGY.