How would philosophers of the Age of Reason explain a catastrophe like this, as opposed to the medieval explanation?

The indian national congress and the indian national army were the two wings of the freedom movement in india. a. which of these would you have joined? give reasons for your answer. b. why according to you was the indian national army not able to reach where it actually wanted? answer it quickly plsss

:) during the cold war, people were afraid of communists, both outside and inside the united states. the red scare and mccarthyism that grew out of these fears were damaging to the american way of life. during the mccarthy years, many of the freedoms guaranteed in the bill of rights were limited. write a paragraph explaining what lessons can be learned from the mccarthy era about what u.s. citizens need to protect in order to preserve the democratic political system and the american way of life.

The zhou controlled the area to the east of the shang kingdom true or false pleas