What connection does the author make between literacy and art?

1. When literacy rates are low, art and other forms
of visual communication become even more
essential

2. When literacy rates are high, art becomes a rare
object that is most often acquired and enjoyed
by the rich.

3. When literacy rates are low, it becomes difficult
to communicate political messages to a mass
audience through art.
4. When literacy rates are high, writers and poets
can build upon the revolutionary ideas
expressed in mediums like art.