#1 Why did America's first government under the Articles of Confederation fail to meet the needs of the country? #2 What key issues arose during the Constitutional Convention and how were
they settled?

The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution for the United States, but was known for being very weak and giving little power to the federal government. Under the Articles of Confederation, the government could not tax the states, regulate trade, draft soldiers, or even create and enforce laws properly.

The government under the Articles of Confederation had little power and was essentially doomed to fail. One of the main problems was that the government had essentially no way to make money. Since the government could not tax the states or citizens, in order to make money they had to outright ask the states for it. As you can imagine, many of the states did not want to give up their money if they did not have to, so most of the time the government did not have money to pay for war items, soldiers, and other goods.

With the Articles of Confederation, they could barely raise an army or regulate trade, which hurt the country even more. Another huge problem was the problem of creating, amending, and enforcing laws. In order to pass a law, 9 out of 13 of the states had to agree to it, so it was very hard to pass anything.

During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the original goal was to simply amend the Articles of Confederation, as it was not meeting the needs of the country. This did not go according to plan though, as the Articles of Confederation ended up getting scrapped and the United States Constitution was created in its place.

One key issue that arose during the Constitutional Convention was the balance of powers between the federal government and the state governments. Many people were still scared of the federal government obtaining power and wanted to keep most of the power in the hands of the state governments. This was solved with the separation of powers and checks and balances, which prevents the federal government from abusing its power.

Another key issue that arose during the Constitutional Convention was how representation in Congress was going to be counted. Small states wanted equal representation in Congress, while larger states wanted representation based on population. The Great Compromise settled this problem, which allowed for both representation based on population in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

crop rotation kepy different plants in the soil instead of once constintly. when switching out plants you have different nutrients being absorbed at different speeds and different roots growing differently therfore the spoil and water flow have to adapt and carry fresh nutrients to carry the constant changes that were going on in the soil.