PLEASE ANSWER QUESTIONS 1 & 2 We pronounce, Judge, and declare, that you, the said Galileo... have rendered yourself vehemently suspected by this
Holy Office of heresy, that is, of having believed and held the doctrine (which is false and contrary to the Holy and
Divine Scriptures) that the sun is the center of the world, and that it does not move from east to west, and that the
earth does move, and is not the center of the world; also, that an opinion can be held and supported as probable, after
it has been declared and finally decreed contrary to the Holy Scripture. It is our pleasure that you be absolved
(forgiven), provided that with a sincere heart and unfeigned faith, in our presence, you abjure (reject), curse, and
detest, the said error and heresies, and every other error and heresy contrary to the Catholic and Apostolic Church of
Rome.

Source: Indictment of Galileo by Catholic Church (1633)

1. What is the judge referring to as "a doctrine which is false and contrary to the Holy and Divine Scriptures"?

2. What is the judge saying will happen if Galileo abjures (rejects) his statement?

the articles of confederation only set up the continental congress at the federal level. there were no executive or judicial branches except within the states. the states were allowed to keep every right that was not specifically given to congress. the bonding of the states was through a 'firm league of friendship' that best served as a defense agreement against invasion. states were not allowed to use taxes as a way to discourage treaties, and states were extremely limited in their dealings with foreign nations.

not many historians today talk about the strengths of the articles of confederation, likely because of how unpopular the document quickly became. the articles did set the legislative body, congress, as the highest power in the nation because of the fear of monarchy. congress had the sole power to declare war, assign treaties, entertain foreign relations, and operate post offices. disputes between states and territorial issues were to be brought to congress. the document also stipulated that canada was allowed to enter the union if they desired.

there were more weaknesses than strengths under the articles of confederation. the lack of power given to the continental congress strangled the federal government. the articles gave congress the power to pass laws but no power to enforce those laws. if a state did not support a federal law, that state could simply ignore it. congress had no power to levy taxes or regulate trade. without a federal court system or executive leader, there would be no way to enforce these laws, either. amending the articles of confederation would also require a unanimous decision, which would be extremely difficult.

i think it would be a

men and women were able to be citizens, but women did not have all of the rights of men including voting and holding office. slaves could be if they were freed.