Other than a broken culture, what were the other long term effects of the scramble for Africa?

This columns shows that partitioned ethnic groups have suffered significantly longer and more devastating civil wars. It also uncovers substantial spillovers as ethnic conflict spreads from the historical homeland of groups partitioned to nearby areas where non-split ethnicities reside

payments were made after the 1940s.

in the 1980s, a commission held investigations and made recommendations.