What were the 1st and 2nd attempts at colonizing america for england?

they tried first at roanoke island. this attempt was called the ralph lane colony. this failed though due to conflict with the native Americans that lived there. and lack of food and supplies. England tried one more time in 1587 but overall it amounted to nothing.  

Explanation:

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the answer is d. tariffs were raised by america's trading partners after the smoot-hawley tariff act, decreasing exports, and declining job rates.

i believe your answer is d)