What took place immediately after the death of Julius Caesar? civil wars
foreign invasions
the restoration of the Senate
the creation of the Roman navy

herodotus taught this. herodotus was an ancient greek historian who was born in halicarnassus in the persian empire. he is known for having written the book the histories, a detailed record of his "inquiry" on the origins of the greco-persian wars.

the founder of the byzantine empire and its first emperor, constantine the great, moved the capital of the roman empire to the city of byzantium in 330 ce, and renamed it constantinople.

the byzantine empire (the eastern roman empire) was distinct from the western roman empire in several ways; most importantly, the byzantines were christians and spoke greek instead of latin.

constantine the great also legalized christianity, which had previously been persecuted in the roman empire. christianity would become a major element of byzantine culture.

constantinople became the largest city in the empire and a major commercial center, while the western roman empire fell in 476 ce.

as emperor, constantine enacted many administrative, financial, social, and military reforms to strengthen the empire. the government was restructured and civil and military authority separated. a new gold coin, the solidus, was introduced to combat inflation. it would become the standard for byzantine and european currencies for more than a thousand years. as the first roman emperor to claim conversion to christianity, constantine played an influential role in the development of christianity as the religion of the empire. in military matters, the roman army was reorganized to consist of mobile field units and garrison soldiers capable of countering internal threats and barbarian invasions. constantine pursued successful campaigns against the tribes on the roman frontiers—the franks, the alamanni, the goths, and the sarmatians, and even resettled territories abandoned by his predecessors during the turmoil of the previous century.

the iconic cartoon that you are talking about is probably a man standing on top of a country with his legs spread wide. 

this cartoon suggests that europeans are powerful enough to subdue an entire continent. this was a satirical image that was drawn during the time of the colonization of the british empire in africa.

this image was inspired by the plans of the british empire to create telegraph lines all over africa promoting the further spread of its colonies through faster communication. the picture depicts the colonial mentality of the british empire in general as well as the struggle of africans to claim their own land. hope this ! (: