What are the 3 major factors that contribute to africa's lack of economic and human development?

The three most prominent factors that contribute to Africa's lack of economic and human development are corrupt governments, a lack of material resources, and tribal warfare. All of these are somewhat intertwined. 

The  pan-african movement  was an "emotional, cultural, psychological and ideological  movement  that began among the  african  dispora in the western hemisphere, for a closer  purpose, so that  african  people could feel secure, attain political, economic as well as psychological power visa vis other races or world regions" .