In cities during the gilded age, the political process was usually controlled by and their organizations were known as

In cities during the gilded age, the political process was usually controlled by bosses and their organizations were known as machines.

a, c, & d are correct:

they wanted lands to settle the extra population.

they wanted new markets for english goods.

they wanted to avoid civil war.

very positive impact on our industries in the west, sine they promoted settlement and increased the ways in which goods could be transported to market.