What were the two main reason that led to the government shutdown

The government face shut-down, when the president failed to pass the National budget or Bill from either house of the Congress.

Explanation:

In History till now America faced three big shut-downs, following:

21-days shut-down during the tenure of Bill Clinton when Clinton administration and opposition have a dispute over major spending cuts.

Another shutdown comes under the Barack Obama tenure over the Affordable care act and the patient protection Act cause 13 days shut-down.

The longest shutdown of US history came under Donald Trump administration, 35 days shut-down over the US-Mexico border barrier.

yes

explanation:

the fighting words doctrine, in united states constitutional law, is a limitation to freedom of speech as protected by the first amendment to the united states constitution. in 1942, the u.s. supreme court established the doctrine by a 9–0 decision in chaplinsky v. new hampshire.

the church governed the society after the empire fell.   constantine took charge of rome and ended the confusion which had over religion and made christianity as the only religion and that started ruling the roman empire. he also divided the empire into two and fortified the eastern part.   he ruled the eastern part.