What methods and philosophies were developed for the urban poor?

One of these philosophies that were developed was individualism by Horatio Alger which teaches that no matter what background one comes through, he or she can become successful through hard work and effort. Another philosophy made was Social Gospel by Washington Gladden which used Biblical ideas to encourage charity from those who have to give to those who don't have. 

There’s no picture, but i’ll give you a few of expeditions. lewis and clark began in 1804, louisiana purchase 1802, james town 1607