It became evident that many americans were suspicious of anyone who was not a protestant with an anglo-saxon background when the “whispering campaign” was begun in the 1928 presidential campaign against the democratic candidate, alfred e. smith, because he was

Alfred E. Smith was a Roman Catholic; In 1928, Alfred Smith was again nominated by Franklin Roosevelt at the Democratic convention and gained an easy first ballot victory in 1928 election but was defeated by the electorate that equated prosperity with the Republican Party, Herbert Hoover.

Independent executive agencies are more specialised.