Why did the suez canal increase european interest in the ottoman empire?

a: the empire monopolized all trade through the canal.
b: the canal made it easy for europe to attack the empire’s lands.
c: the canal went through muslim-controlled waterways to asia.
d: the empire opposed expanding the canal to new trade destinations.?

How did the church gain secular power? a) monks forced massive numbers of people to convert through fear of punishment. b) the church issued interdicts, laws passed by the church regardless of secular law. c) the church's power to deny the sacraments gave the church power over christians. d) canon law established secular courts under the control of the church.