How did americans at home aid the war effort

I am going to presume you mean WWII. The people back in the United States supported the servicemen in many ways. They went on rations of those items that were hard to get in wartime such as gasoline, sugar, fuel oil, tires, and nylons. They often cut back on their own food so there was enough to send to the troops. They planted victory gardens in their yards to supplement their meals. It is said that with so many planting just a small amount of a garden, regular people produced at least 40% of the vegetables in the United States. They actually started the idea of "recycling" with gathering aluminum cans to be for the soldiers. People also would recycle tire rubber and paper. The government urged Americans to eat less red meat and fats to save it for servicemen's meals. It actually led to healthier lifestyles.Families would have meals like Meatless Mondays when they would eat only vegetables and fruit. There was also Wheatless Wednesdays where they would do without bread or anything that used flour. Americans bought war bonds, served in Red Cross centers and provided entertainment in the USO clubs for military people.