Which statements accurately describe northern italian renaissance city-states?
choose all answers that are correct.
a. many city-states chose to merge in order to protect their borders.
b. city-states were independently ruled cities and the land around them.
c. many italian city-states of the renaissance were republics.
d. leadership of the city-states was based on heredity.

Which option best describes how the printing press transformed european society? (a) prior to the printing press, the catholic church hand-copied texts and disseminated them to peasants. (b) prior to the printing press, the church of england did not allow peasants to learn to read. (c) prior to the printing press, the orthodox church recited luther’s “95 theses” aloud to peasants. (d) prior to the printing press, knowledge was reserved primarily for nobles and clergy.