Which two factors contributed to the spread of islam in africa?

In at least two paragraphs, discuss the differences between the principles of republicanism and democracy. explain whether you think the united states is more of a republic or a democracy. refer to at least one example from the constitution.

Aside from low birthrates and high death rates, what can cause a country’s population to decline

The delegates of the second continental congress who were ready to declare independence were from which area? a. new england b. the southern colonies c. quebec d. the middle colonies