According to the hindu beliefs, ones position in the caste system is determined by

Karma

Explanation:

Hindus hold the belief that society is divided in different castes. This is a hierarchical structure that orders their social reality. A person's position in this system is considered to be a reflection of the accumulated merit of their past lives. This concept is known as karma. Each caste has certain rules of behaviour that they need to adhere to throughout their lives and that shape the way in which Hindu society operates.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts