Who are the bedouins and what did they believe in?

The Bedouin is a circle of nomadic Arab peoples whose historically incline in the desert regions in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, and the Levant. They strongly believe in the saying “I’m against my brother, my brother and I are against my cousin, my cousin and I are against the stranger" also known as "I and my brother are against my cousin, I and my cousin are against the stranger. This saying signifies a hierarchy of loyalties based on the proximity of male kinship, beginning with the nuclear family through the lineage and then the paternal tribe, and, at least, to a whole genetic or linguistic group (which is perceived to akin to kinship in the Middle East and North Africa generally). As a cultural tradition, camel races were organized during celebratory occasions, such as weddings or religious festivals. 

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the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.