Which statement represents the conclusion of psychologists who testified in the supreme court case brown v. board of education? a. racial segregation affects children's self-image. b. segregated schools provide students with the best opportunity to learn. c. race is no longer an important factor in individuals' lives. d. segregated schools are acceptable if the schools are equal in quality.

The correct answer is letter A. The testimony of the psychologist Mamie Phipps Clark helped in the Brown v. Board of Education ruling that no schools should support racial segregation.

Her work called "The Development of Consciousness in Negro Pre-School Children" surveyed 150 pre-school aged black children and asked them to choose among pictures of white and black children to decide which one was the most similar to themselves. This study showed a distinct racial awareness in children, which led to Clark's most important and impacting study for the psychology field: The Doll Test. In this experiment, 253 black children were shown four dolls: two white-skinned and yellow-haired and two brown-skinned and black-haired. The majority of black girls preferred to play with the white yellow-haired doll, and most of them would assign negative traits to the black dolls.

All of her work, and her testimony on the case helped the ruling and still helps all of the psychology field discussion towards race.

federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. cases can be further appealed to the u.s. supreme court. cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. if either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a higher court to review the decision.

the reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in america focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions (with prison's purpose reconceived as rehabilitation rather than punishment), the humane treatment of animals, the humane and just treatment of native americans, the establishment of public institutions for the care of the destitute, orphans, blind, and mentally ill, the establishment of public schools, the abolition of tobacco use, vegetarianism, health reform, homeopathic medicine, woman's rights (including, at first, especially the establishment of a woman's right to own property apart from her husband and her right to sue for divorce), and the amelioration of labor conditions (including higher pay, the right to form unions, the right to strike, and the demand for limits on the number of work hours, and safe working conditions).

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