Chapters 13-15 review 1. which developments most directly fostered the evolution of the political parties and the sectionalism by the mid-19 th century? 2. what was the most immediate result of the election of 1860? 3. which constitutional change was most necessary to allow for the elections of african americans? 4. what reconstruction actions implemented in the south were most responsible for the election of african americans 5. what were the reasons texas didn't immediately join the united states? 6. what were some of the characteristics of americans in the 1850s who traveled west on the overland trails? 7. which town served as a major departure point for migrants traveling west on the overland trails? 8. what were some of the experiences between 1840 and 1860, did most migrants traveling west on the overland trails face? 9. what were the causes of the mexican war? 10. what was the key to victory for the united states in the mexican war was 11. what were the terms of the treaty of guadalupe hidalgo, the united states 12. what was the homestead act? 13. which sectional political ideology of mid-nineteenth century america is most directly expressed through the homestead act? 14. how would you describe the free-labor stance of the north? 15. how does the idea of "free labor," connect to the pro-union stance of the northern states? 16. what was the first state to secede from the union, when? 17. what was president james buchanan's stance on secession? 18. the confederate states of america was formed when? 19. explain the crittenden compromise. 20. when and why did fort sumter surrender? 21. explain the tenure of office act 22. explain ex parte milligan 23. what led to the impeachment of andrew johnson. 24. who were the "scalawags" and "carpetbaggers"? 25. what was the state of southern agriculture during the last quarter of the nineteenth century? 26. who was booker t. washington? 27. explain plessy v. ferguson and jim crow laws.