How did philip ii develop spain's national identity and strengthen royal power?

Philip II made all departments of the government to function under his responsibility to strengthen royal powers.

Explanation:

The concept of divine rights was strongly believed by him. He developed Spain's national identity and became the Catholic Church protector.

The head of the Spain government, Philip II, justified his act of a number of immorality such as ordering to kill and illegal activities by expressing it as a divine rights of monarchy.

The system developed by Philip II commanded the viceroys of regional independent government to answer him and his government was a monarchical government.

the correct answer is "c: merchants" and "e. soldiers".

the song dynasty was known as the first government in the world to introduce paper currency. it was also the first chinese government which established a permanent standing navy. finally, the first compass was introduced during this period of government.

all of these innovations heavily affected commerce in a positive way. printed money dynamize commerce within the borders of the empire due to an easier way to quantify value during the trade. the introduction of the compass trade routes to be faster. finally, the introduction of a standing navy regulate trade routes.

regarding military affairs, gunpowder was created during this period. this was a tremendous improvement that was widely utilized by the military in order to innovate in the manufacturing of weapons.